الظاهر
هو اسمُ فاعل من (الظهور)، وهو اسمٌ ذاتي من أسماء الربِّ تبارك...
Cowardice
(الْجُبْن)
من موسوعة المصطلحات الإسلامية
المعنى الاصطلاحي
Fear and weakness that keep a person dismayed and prevent him form going forward.
الشرح المختصر
"Jubn" (cowardliness): weakness of the soul that detains a person from being brave and addressing issues that he dislikes. It is a blameworthy moral characteristic that causes a person who possesses it to flee from meeting the enemy out of fear of being killed. It is also said that it is the heart feeling pain for expecting an imminent painful event in such a way that it prevents him from doing what is logically due upon him. It is a form of stinginess of the soul from which the Messenger of Allah, may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him, sought refuge with Allah. That is because it results in failure to perform what is obligatory, such as jihad, speaking the truth, forbidding evil, and other important obligations.
التعريف اللغوي المختصر
"Jubn": fear and lack of courage. Opposite: bravery. "Jabaan": someone who has a weak heart.
التعريف
To fear to attempt what need cause no fear.